✅ Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has recently become the number one problem affecting global health. Coronavirus disease 2019 is principally recognized by its respiratory manifestations; however, recent studies have shown an increasing number of patients with gastrointestinal complaints like diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal discomfort.

✅ Given the importance of dairy consumption in the human diet and higher contamination of milk and dairy products taken from cattle, sheep, and goats with Brucella species, it is recommended that control and prevention programs in sheep and goats must be taken more seriously.

✅ This study showed that the incidence of HAV in the age group of <33 years is low, and the incidence of HEV has not changed compared to the past and HEV was lower than in other regions in Iran, and it needs more investigation in the north of Iran to obtain detailed information in anti-HEV seroprevalence.

✅ Highlights

• Malignant otitis externa occurs especially among the elderly and diabetic patients.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common organism isolated among malignant otitis externa cases.
• The diagnostic delay is associated with the occurrence of complications and poor prognosis.
• Prolonged treatment is recommended with referral to surgery in complicated cases.

✅ Identifying livestock with salmonellosis and isolating pathogenic strains from other livestock are of the most important methods capable of reducing the prevalence of foodborne infection in consumers. This can be achieved by the PCR technique for virulence genes, especially hilA, which is more prevalent among Salmonella strains.

✅ Phage PPaMa4/19 had high antibacterial potential against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, and E. coli bacteria. What's more, it can be used for therapeutic purposes after more analysis. It is essential to consider the biological characteristics of phage stability and its resistance to infection treatment.

✅ Highlights

• The antibacterial effect of some antibiotics can be increased by mixing with gold nanoparticles.
• Suitable concentrations of colloidal gold nanoparticles can increase the diameter of the zone of inhibition for some gram-positive cocci.
• Colloidal gold nanoparticles used alone do not show antibacterial activities against some gram-positive cocci.

✅ The present study results revealed the topical and content structure and scientific collaborations of the authors in Iranian publications and scientific productions on brucellosis. Accordingly, authors and researchers can develop a network of scientific collaborations in the region and the world to collaborate in producing new knowledge, solve problems, and provide appropriate solutions.

✅ Highlights

• Higher salivary level of S. mutans and Lactobacilli in patients with systemic sclerosis in comparison to healthy individuals.
• No significant differences in the salivary level of S. mutans and Lactobacilli between ACA-positive and ACA-negative patients with systemic sclerosis.

✅ Cockroaches are an important factor in transmitting Enterobacterales and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Therefore, effective preventive and control measures are needed to reduce vector-borne diseases.

✅ The study concluded that these antibiotics have no role in treating the infection. Still, it may contribute to the emergence of new, multi-drug resistant MDR species, resulting in increased mortality rates. Also, excessive use of antibiotics may lead to increased mortality.