year 18, Issue 1 (January - February 2024)
Iran J Med Microbiol 2024, 18(1): 1-7 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Ghorbani N, Alamdary A, Khanizadeh S, Birjandi M, Ajorloo M. Epidemiological Study of Hepatitis D Virus in HBsAg Positive Patients in Khorramabad City, West of Iran, 2019. Iran J Med Microbiol 2024; 18 (1) :1-7
URL: http://ijmm.ir/article-1-2210-en.html
URL: http://ijmm.ir/article-1-2210-en.html
1- Hepatitis Research Center, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
2- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
4- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran ,kmehdiajorloo@gmail.com
2- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
4- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract: (417 Views)
Background and Aim: Co-infection of HBV and HDV leads to more severe hepatitis, with a higher risk of acute liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HDV in HBsAg-positive patients in Khorramabad, which has not been previously evaluated.
Materials and Methods: A total of 200 patients who tested positive for HBsAg were included in this study. Venous blood samples were collected in EDTA-free tubes. An ELISA test was performed to detect antibodies against HDV, and positive samples were further confirmed using RT-PCR. Population data were analyzed using SPSS software, and a P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests.
Results: Out of the total participants, there were 119 (59.5%) men and 81 (40.5%) women. The age of the patients varied from 5 to 89 years, with an average age of 49.66 years. The HDV ELISA test was performed on HBsAg-positive individuals, yielding positive results for 37 (18.5%) patients. Additionally, 10 (5%) patients showed borderline infection. The HDV RT-PCR results indicated that 42 (21%) individuals tested positive. The prevalence of HDV showed a statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas with respect to molecular RT-PCR testing (P=0.032). Additionally, women, married individuals, and drug addicts were found to be at a higher risk of HDV infection.
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of HDV infection among patients who test positive for HBsAg in Khorramabad. Therefore, assessing the prevalence of HDV in HBsAg-positive patients can aid in ensuring timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment for these individuals.
Type of Study: Original Research Article |
Subject:
Medical Virology
Received: 2023/10/28 | Accepted: 2024/01/17 | ePublished: 2024/03/18
Received: 2023/10/28 | Accepted: 2024/01/17 | ePublished: 2024/03/18
References
1. Sureau C, Negro F. The hepatitis delta virus: Replication and pathogenesis. J Hepatol. 2016;64(1):S102-S116. [DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.013] [PMID]
2. Rizzetto M, Canese MG, Arico S, Crivelli O, Trepo C, Bonino F, et al. Immunofluorescence detection of new antigen-antibody system (delta/anti-delta) associated to hepatitis B virus in liver and in serum of HBsAg carriers. Gut. 1977;18(12):997-1003. [DOI:10.1136/gut.18.12.997] [PMID] [PMCID]
3. Le Gal F, Brichler S, Drugan T, Alloui C, Roulot D, Pawlotsky JM, et al. Genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of the Deltavirus genus: A study of 2,152 clinical strains. J. Hepatol. 2017;66(6):1826-41. [DOI:10.1002/hep.29574] [PMID]
4. Nguyen MH, Wong G, Gane E, Kao JH, Dusheiko G. Hepatitis B Virus: Advances in Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2020;33(2):e00046-19. [DOI:10.1128/CMR.00046-19] [PMID] [PMCID]
5. Chen HY, Shen DT, Ji DZ, Han PC, Zhang WM, Ma JF, et al. Prevalence and burden of hepatitis D virus infection in the global population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gut. 2019;68(3):512-21. [DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316601] [PMID]
6. Miao Z, Zhang S, Ou X, Li S, Ma Z, Wang W, et al. Estimating the global prevalence, disease progression and clinical outcome of hepatitis delta virus infection. J Infect Dis. 2020;221(10):1677-87. [DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiz633] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Amini N, Alavian SM, Kabir A, Aalaei-Andabili SH, Hosseini SYS, Rizzetto M. Prevalence of hepatitis d in the eastern mediterranean region: systematic review and meta analysis. Hepat Mon. 2013;13(1):e8210. [DOI:10.5812/hepatmon.8210]
8. Sharifzadeh G, Namaei MH, Ebrahimzadeh A. Azarkar Z, Fereidouni M, Bijari B, et al. Prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection and associated factors among HBsAg-positive patients in Birjand, Iran, 2012-2014. Hepat Mon. 2017;17(5):e42866. [DOI:10.5812/hepatmon.42866]
9. Sayad B, Naderi Y, Alavian SM, Najafi F, Janbakhsh A, Mansouri F, et al. Hepatitis D virus infection in Kermanshah, west of Iran: seroprevalence and viremic infections. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2018;11(2):145-52.
10. Ghadir MR, Belbasi M, Heidari A, Sarkeshikian SS, Kabiri A, Ghanooni AH, et al. Prevalence of hepatitis d virus infection among hepatitis B virus infected patients in qom province, center of iran. Hepat Mon. 2012;12(3):205-8. [DOI:10.5812/hepatmon.5121] [PMID] [PMCID]
11. Behzadi MA, Leyva-Grado VH, Namayandeh M, Ziyaeyan A, Feyznezhad R, Dorzaban H, et al. Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses in the Hormozgan province southern Iran. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):1027. [DOI:10.1186/s12879-019-4661-4] [PMID] [PMCID]
12. Ahmadi Ghezeldasht S, Hedayati-Moghaddam MR, Mosavat A, Akbarin MM. Sero-Prevalence of Hepatitis D Virus Infection Among Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positive Patients in Mashhad, Northeastern Iran. Mod Care J. 2019;16(3):e93956. [DOI:10.5812/modernc.93956]
13. Tahaei SME, Mohebbi SR, Azimzadeh P, Behelgardi A, Sanati A, Mohammadi P, et al. Prevalence of hepatitis D virus in hepatitis B virus infected patients referred to Taleghani hospital, Tehran, Iran. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2014;7(3):144-50.
14. Bakhshipour A, Mashhadi M, Mohammadi M, Nezam SK. Seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis delta virus in chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Zahedan. Acta Med Iran. 2013;51(4):260-4.
15. Sharifan P, Amoueian S. Histological and serological epidemiology of hepatitis delta virus coinfection among patients with chronic active hepatitis B virus in Razavi Khorasan Province, northeastern Iran. Iran J Public Health. 2018;47(12):1906-12.
16. Fattovich G, Giustina G, Christensen E, Pantalena M, Zagni I, Realdi G, et al. Influence of hepatitis delta virus infection on morbidity and mortality in compensated cirrhosis type B. Gut. 2000;46(3):420-6. [DOI:10.1136/gut.46.3.420] [PMID] [PMCID]
17. Roggenbach I, Chi X, Lempp FA, Qu B, Walter L, Wu R, et al. HDV seroprevalence in HBsAg-positive patients in China occurs in hotspots and is not associated with HCV mono-infection. Viruses. 2021;13(9):1799. [DOI:10.3390/v13091799] [PMID] [PMCID]
18. Farci P, Niro GA, Zamboni F, Diaz G. Hepatitis D Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Viruses. 2021;13(5):830. [DOI:10.3390/v13050830] [PMID] [PMCID]
19. Lazarus JV, Al‐Rifai A, Sanai FM, Alghamdi AS, Sharara AI, Saad MF, et al. Hepatitis delta virus infection prevalence, diagnosis and treatment in the Middle East: A scoping review. Liver Int. 2022;43(S1):116-123. [DOI:10.1111/liv.15338] [PMID]
20. Foroutan H, Nemati A, Nasiri-Tosi M, Ghofrani H, Keivani H. Prevalence of hepatitis delta virus infection in various groups with HBVinfection in Tehran, Imam Khomeini Hospital (2005-2006). Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2008;22(2):93-7.
21. Motamedifar M, Taheri M, Bagheri Lankarani K, Gholami M, Amini Lari M, Faramarzi H, et al. The prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis delta virus in HIV/HBV co-infected patients in Shiraz, Iran, 2012. Iran J Med Sci. 2015;40(5):448-53.
22. Attaran MS, Sharifi Z, Hosseini SM, Samei S, Ataee, Z. Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis D coinfection in asymptomatic blood donors in Iran. APMIS. 2014;122(3):243-7. [DOI:10.1111/apm.12137] [PMID]
23. Das K, Ali H, Mahmood T, Munir SM, Ahmed T, Farooq MU. Comparative analysis of disease activity in patients of chronic hepatitis B virus, with and without superinfection with hepatitis D virus; an experience at tertiary care centre. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2008;20(2):39-42.
24. Nwokediuko SC, Ijeoma U. Seroprevalence of antibody to HDV in Nigerians with hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases. Niger J Clin Pract. 2009;12(4):439-42.
25. Pouri AA, Ghojazadeh M, Baiaz B, Hamzavi FS, Pourasghari B, Somi MH. Prevalence of hepatitis D virus among HBsAg-positive individuals, 2015-2016: Azar cohort study. Health Promot Perspect. 2020;10(1):38-42. [DOI:10.15171/hpp.2020.07] [PMID] [PMCID]
26. Jedari Seifi S, Sabouri Ghannad M. A study of HDV in HBsAg positive patients in Tabriz, Northwestern Iran. Hepat Mon. 2010;10(2):110-5.
27. Mumtaz K, Hamid SS, Adil S, Afaq A, Islam M, Abid S, et al. Epidemiology and clinical pattern of hepatitis delta virus infection in Pakistan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005;20(10):1503-7. [DOI:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2005.03857.x] [PMID]
28. Khazaee T, Ebrahimzadeh A, Moghaddam E, Ghafori M. Assessment of prevalence and determine infections of hepatitis C and hepatitis D in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Govaresh. 2015;20(4):230-6.
29. Jedari Seifi S, Gotaslou R, Torabi SE. Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV), in a Group of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Positive in Tabriz. Med J Tabriz Uni Med Sciences Health Services. 2010;32(1):33-8.
30. Roshandel G, Semnani S, Abdolahi N, Besharat S, Keshtkar AA, Joshaqani H, et al. Prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive subjects in Golestan province, northeast Iran. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2008;41(3):227-30.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Copyright Policy
Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology by Farname is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0
