Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology

✅  Highlights:

• The prevalence of HCMV DNA was 19.3% in the case group.

• The prevalence of HCMV DNA was 6.5% in the control group.

• Significant difference was observed in the prevalence of HCMV at different stages of prostate cancer.

✅ Both COVID and non-COVID patients were diagnosed with invasive/ non-invasive fungal rhinosinusitis from deep nasal swabs/tissue in the present study. Diabetes was an important comorbidity in non-COVID patients with FRS. Deep nasal swabs aided early diagnosis for both invasive and non-invasive FRS.

✅ It can be concluded that honey is an important natural product, which has an antibacterial effect towards pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, honey should be used as an alternative therapy for the treatment of wound infected by multidrug resistant bacteria. Further research should be conducted to evaluate the mechanism and the bioactive compounds in honey.

✅  Highlights:

• Study reveals oral H. pylori colonization and its role in oral health.

• PCR shows promise as a non-invasive and reliable method for H. pylori detection in saliva and plaque samples.

✅ There is need for regular antimicrobial resistance surveillance within the hospital environment, earlier detection and correct prescription of potent antimicrobials will check the spread of Staphylococci infections and their virulent genes.

✅  Highlights:

• NS-1 Dengue slightly increased intestinal zonulin expression

• NS-1 Dengue did not increase intestinal ZO-1 expression

• NS-1 Dengue did not increase wet intestinal eight

• NS-1 Dengue significantly increased serum LPS levels

✅ The study highlights the potential of Lactobacillus bacteriocins as effective antibacterial agents, offering a promising alternative to combat antibiotic resistance. Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms and assess the safety and efficacy of bacteriocins for their use as bio-therapeutic agents.

✅ Blastocystis sp. is the most common protozoan parasite of the human intestine, which despite the studies, there are many uncertainties about its pathogenicity.  Current study designed and carried out in Covid-19 pandemic and lower positive patients may be related to severe hygiene considerations and consumption of various antibiotics amongst population.

✅ NAC isolates from cows' milk have antifungal resistance genes while they had not taken any antifungal drugs. The resistance gene is transferred from antifungal agents in crop protection medications. Clinical isolates also had increased resistance to antifungal activity. Also, using Azole antibiotics can increase resistance gene level activity. This phenomenon should be considered for treatment program protocols.

✅  Highlights:

• Significant immune and inflammatory alterations in individuals with HPV infections.

• Elevated IgM levels indicate active viral replication, potentially serving as a diagnostic marker for HPV infections.

• Positive correlation between IgM and IgG levels with specific cytokines suggests potential diagnostic markers for HPV-related diseases.

✅ Compared with the plate method, biosensor couldn’t substitute with conventional methods for E. coli detection.

✅ CTLA-4 -1722 T/C rs733618 is not significantly related to immunological response to the BNT162b2 vaccine. The level of s-CTLA-4 production may be affected by CTLA-4rs733618 polymorphism. rs733618 (T/C) and rs733618(C/C) genotypes significantly related with high level of s-CTLA-4, while rs733618 T/T genotype related with low level of s-CTLA-4.

✅  Highlights:

• The prevalence of bla-NDM gene in K.pneumonia is 23.75% and in K.oxytoca 6.6%.

• Few isolates showed resistant to monobactam class of antibiotics drug Aztreonam apart from carbapenem drugs.

• Increasing in the prevalence of bla-NDM gene in K.oxytoca was observed in this study.

✅ Patients diagnosed with recurrent rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis received empirical antibiotic therapy for 2 weeks and corticosteroids, after follow-up the patient experienced clinical improvement and echocardiography showed reduced vegetation size.