Background and objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of mecA, vanA and vanB genes among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates and to categorize vancomycin susceptibility profiles in Clinical specimens from TMMC & RC, Moradabad. The most effective antibiotic for treating MRSA infections is vancomycin. However, vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) have been found to be more common in various part of the world in recent years.
Methods: In the central laboratory of TMMC and RC Moradabad, S. aureus was isolated from various clinical samples and detect the MRSA by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of vancomycin was determined by using broth microdilution (BMD) method and categorized it into VSSA, VISA, and VRSA isolates. Genomic DNA of bacteria was extracted and detected the mecA, vanA and vanB genes by using polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Out of the 314 MRSA strains, 296 (94.27%) were VSSA, 14 (4.46%) were VISA and 4 (1.27%) were VRSA, as found on the basis of MIC determination through the BMD method. All the MRSA strains possess the mecA gene, 1 VRSA with vanA; 3 VRSA with vanB; none among VISA isolates vanA and vanB genes were detected.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of MRSA (52.5%) and the emergence of VRSA (1.27%) carrying vanA and vanB genes in our setting highlight a serious public health threat and underscore the need for continuous surveillance and stringent infection control measures.