en انگل شناسی پزشکی Medical Parasitology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Background and Aim:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> Scabies, caused by <i>Sarcoptes (S.) scabiei</i>, is associated with immune dysregulation and elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Differentiation between scabies and atopic dermatitis (AD) may be challenging because of overlapping clinical and immunologic features. This study aimed to evaluate serum total IgE, Interleukin (IL) 4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, and Interferon gamma (IFN-&gamma;) levels in scabies affected patients and to assess their diagnostic performance.</span><span lang="EN-ID"><span style="color:black"></span></span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> In this cross-sectional study, 50 participants were included, comprising 26 AD patients with scabies infestation and 24 uninfected controls. The diagnosis of scabies was verified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). ELISA was used to assess the serum levels of total IgE, IFN-&gamma;, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. The statistical analysis was performed using an independent t-test. The diagnostic performance was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, with a statistical significance level of P<0.05. </span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> Serum total IgE levels were significantly higher in patients compared with controls (<i>P</i><0.05). IFN-&gamma; and IL-5 levels showed significant differences between study groups (<i>P</i><0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated statistically significant area under the curve values for IgE and cytokines in differentiating affected patients from controls. The results indicate that the immune response in AD patients was significantly altered by scabies infestation, resulting in a more complex cytokine profile than control.</span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> The elevated level of IgE and altered INF-&gamma; and IL-5 cytokine profiles are associated with scabies and atopic dermatitis. These immunologic markers may assist in differential diagnosis and provide insight into disease-related immune responses.</span></span></span></p> Atopic Dermatitis, Cytokines, Immunoglobulin E, Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-4, Sarcoptes scabiei 22 30 http://ijmm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-3046-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Ihsan K. A. Alkardhi ihsan.khudhair@qu.edu.iq 100319475328460034377 100319475328460034377 Yes Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Nursing, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq Rana A. Jawad Alobiedi rana.a@uokerbala.edu.iq 100319475328460034378 100319475328460034378 No Department of Veterinary Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq Fatema Ali AL Kafhage fatimah.m@uokerbala.edu.iq 100319475328460034379 0009-0006-2938-2972 No Department of Veterinary Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq