en ایمنولوژی میکروبی Microbial Immunology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Background & Objective</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">: Although there have been significant improvements in the treatment of lung cancer, surgery continues to be the most effective approach, frequently used alongside radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The presence of challenges such as drug resistance, adverse effects, and insufficient selectivity has led researchers to explore new targeted therapies. A particularly promising strategy involves the application of oncolytic viruses (OVs) and bacteria. This research intends to assess the anti-proliferative effects of <i>Ecovirus-6</i>, <i>Lactobacillus casei </i>(L. casei), and <i>Bacillus coagulans</i> (B. coagulans) when administered together with hyperthermia on human lung cancer under cell culture conditions.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Methods</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">: In this research, following the cultivation of A549 cells, the IC₅₀ concentration of <i>Ecovirus-6</i>, L. casei, and B. coagulans was established. Subsequently, the viability of the cells, the percentage of apoptosis, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assessed for both single-agent and concurrent treatments.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Results</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">: The findings of the research indicated that <i>Ecovirus-6</i>, L. casei, B. coagulans, and doxorubicin significantly reduce cell viability (<i>P</i><0.001) while enhancing the percentage of apoptosis, as well as the production of ROS and LDH in lung cancer cells when compared to the control group (<i>P</i><0.05). &nbsp;Furthermore, the results demonstrated that the concurrent treatment group exhibited greater effects than the groups treated with single agents and doxorubicin (<i>P</i><0.05).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Conclusion</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">: <span style="background:yellow">The current research demonstrated that the combination of <i>Echovirus-6</i>, L. casei, and B. coagulans with hyperthermia can effectively hinder the proliferation of lung cancer cells.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp;</p> Lung cancer,Ecovirus-6,Lactobacillus casei,Bacillus coagulans,Hyperthermia,Doxorubicin 4 4 http://ijmm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-976-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh h.smaili69@yahoo.com 100319475328460033947 100319475328460033947 No Applied Virology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran Mostafa Eslamimahmoudabadi eslamimostafa831@gmail.com 100319475328460033948 100319475328460033948 No Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Bolorian alirezabolouriyan@gmail.com 100319475328460033949 100319475328460033949 No Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Zahiri alizahiri1234@gmail.com 100319475328460033950 100319475328460033950 No Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Milad Asghardost Rezaee miladrezaei4488@gmail.com 100319475328460033951 100319475328460033951 No Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ruhollah Dorostkar r.dorost@yahoo.com 100319475328460033952 100319475328460033952 No Applied Virology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Golmohammadi rsr.golmohammadi@bmsu.ac.ir 100319475328460033953 100319475328460033953 Yes Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Clinical Sciences Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran