en مقاومت پادزیستی (آنتی بیوتیکی) Antibiotic Resistance مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p style="margin-right:36px; text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Background and Aim:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> <i>Acinetobacter (A.) baumannii</i> is an opportunistic pathogen in humans, affecting immunocompromised patients and is becoming increasingly important as a hospital-acquired infection. These<i> </i>strains exhibit resistance to essential current antibiotics, posing a real health threat worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in clinical <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> isolates.</span><span lang="EN-ID"><span style="color:black"></span></span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> A total of 40 clinical isolates were collected from Iranian hospitalized patients. Disk diffusion method was performed to assess the antimicrobial resistance. Crystal violet staining was used to assess the biofilm-forming ability and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to determine the frequency of biofilm-related genes (<i>bfm</i>R, <i>bfm</i>S, <i>pga</i>A, <i>bap</i>, <i>omp</i>A, <i>csu</i>E, and <i>aba</i>I). The relationship between biofilm-forming ability and resistance to antibiotics was statistically analyzed using Fisher&#39;s exact test and P&le;0.05 was considered significant. </span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> All <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The frequency of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) was 80%, and the rest were pan-drug-resistant (PDR). Most of the MDR isolates (85%) were strong biofilm formers, and the rest of them were moderate biofilm formers. All PDRs and 81.25% of XDRs formed strong biofilms. The <i>bfm</i>R, <i>bfm</i>S, <i>pga</i>A, <i>bap</i>, and <i>omp</i>A genes were existed in all MDRs. The <i>csu</i>E and <i>aba</i>I genes were detected in 97.5% and 82.5% of MDRs, respectively. All XDRs carried <i>csu</i>E gene, and 90.62% possessed <i>aba</i>I gene. Among PDR isolates, 87.5% presented <i>csu</i>E gene, and 50% exhibited <i>aba</i>I gene.</span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> The presence of biofilm-forming genes may be related to antibiotic resistance in clinical <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates, although a clone of PDR is evolving with strong biofilm-forming ability and lacking <i>aba</i>I gene.</span></span></span></p> Acinetobacter baumannii, Biofilm, Extensively Drug-resistant, Multidrug-resistant, Pan-drug-resistant 330 340 http://ijmm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2403-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Raheleh Majdani rahelehmajdani@yahoo.com 100319475328460033682 100319475328460033682 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran Zahra Zaeri zaeriii_zahraaa1996@yahoo.com 100319475328460033683 0009-0000-3816-4025 No Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran Abdollah Derakhshandeh drkhshnd77@gmail.com 100319475328460033684 100319475328460033684 No Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Elahe Sattarinezhad elasattari@gmail.com 100319475328460033685 100319475328460033685 No Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Maryam Motevasel motevaselm10@gmail.com 100319475328460033686 100319475328460033686 Yes Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran