en باکتری شناسی پزشکی Medical Bacteriology مقاله پژوهشی Original Research Article <p>&nbsp;</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:16px;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman;"><b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Background and Aim:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> </span>Research indicates the presence of various bacterial species in addition to <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in stomach that may influence gastric health and disease. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and diversity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in gastric biopsies from patients with gastritis and gastric atrophy in a hybrid approach combining culture and molecular methods.<br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> </span>Gastric biopsies (N=10) from patients referred for endoscopy, five with gastritis and five with gastric atrophy, were analyzed. Culture-based and molecular methods were utilized to identify bacterial profile. The samples were enriched and cultured under varying temperature and oxygen conditions. The isolated bacteria were purified, DNA was extracted, and PCR targeting the prokaryotic <i>16S rRNA</i> gene was performed. The resulting amplified fragments were sequenced and compared with GenBank database for microbial identification.<span style="color:black"> </span><br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Results:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> </span>A total of 28 bacterial colonies were isolated. The most prevalent isolated bacteria were <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i>, and <i>Lactobacillus</i> detected in both gastritis and gastric atrophy biopsies. Notably, certain isolates were found to be specific to gastritis biopsies, while others were exclusively isolated from gastric atrophy biopsies. Furthermore, 70% of lactic acid isolates were associated with patients suffering from gastric atrophy.<br> <b><span style="background:#1f497d"><span style="color:white"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="color:black"> </span>The results offer important insights into the complex microbial community of the stomach and its potential contribution to the broader understanding of gastric microbiome research. It also highlights the necessity for further research to more precisely identify gastric bacteria, especially during different stages of the disease, thereby enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</span></span></p> Atrophy, Gastritis, Lactic Acid Bacteria, Microbiota 1 11 http://ijmm.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1576-2&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Maryam Kazemi kazemi.m998@gmail.com 100319475328460032399 100319475328460032399 No Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Parastoo Saniee p_saniee@sbu.ac.ir 100319475328460032400 100319475328460032400 Yes Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Mohaddaseh Ramezani ramezanimohaddaseh1@gmail.com 100319475328460032401 100319475328460032401 No Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran Paria Ghadersoltani paria.ghadersoltani@gmail.com 100319475328460032402 100319475328460032402 No Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Mohammadreza Najafi-disfani mrnajafid@gmail.com 100319475328460032403 100319475328460032403 No Department of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran